Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Leaf Extract of Mallotus repandus (Willd.) Muell. Arg.

Table 1

Phytochemical constituents identified in methanol extract of M. repandus leaf (MLM).

Phytochemical	Name of the tests	Observed changes	Result
Alkaloids	Mayer’s test	Creamy white precipitate	−
	Hager’s test	Yellow crystalline precipitate	+
	Wagner’s test	Brown or deep brown precipitate	−
	Dragendorff’s test	Orange or orange-red precipitate	−
	Tannic acid test	Buff color precipitate	−
Carbohydrates	Molisch’s test	A red or reddish violet ring is formed at the junction of two layers and on shaking a dark purple solution is formed	+
	Barfoed’s test (general test for monosaccharides)	Red precipitate	−
	Fehling’s test	A red or brick-red precipitate	−
	Benedict’s test		+
	Test for combined reducing sugar	A brick-red precipitate	−
Glycosides	General test	Yellow color	−
	Bromine water test	yellow precipitate	+
	Test for glucoside	Production of brick-red precipitation (carried out with the hydrolyzed extract)	−
Flavonoids	Alkaline reagent test	Red color	+/−
	Shinoda test (magnesium hydrochloride reduction test)	Green to blue color	+
	Zinc hydrochloride reduction test	Red color after few minutes	−
Saponins	Frothing test	Formation of stable foam	+
Steroids	Libermann-Burchard’s test	Greenish color	−
Tannins	Lead acetate test	A yellow or red precipitate	+
	Ferric chloride test	Blue green color	−
	Alkaline reagent test	Yellow to red precipitate	+
Terpenoids	Salkowski test	Yellow color appears at the lower layer	−

(+) = presence; (−) = absence; (+/−) = presence or absence not ascertained.