Nigral Iron Elevation Is an Invariable Feature of Parkinson’s Disease and Is a Sufficient Cause of Neurodegeneration

Table 1

Reports of quantifiable iron in PD SN.

Iron measurement technique	Fe in PD SN (% control)	Reference
ICP-MS	135	[116]
SP	176	[117]
SP	177	[118]
AAS	107	[119]
ICP-MS	133	[120]
ICP-MS	130	[121]
X-Ray Microprobe analysis	340	[122]
SP	150	[123]
Laser microprobe analysis	145	[124]
ICPMS	156	[125]
Colorimetry	82	[126]
X-Ray absorption fine structure	201	[127]
Electron probe X-Ray microanalysis; coupled with cathodoluminescence spectroscopy	200	[128]
AAS	144	[96]
X-Ray fluorescence	155	[129]
ICP-MS	140	[110]
AAS	139	[26]
Average	159.5

ICPMS: inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; SP: spectrophotometry; AAS: atomic absorption spectrometry.