Viola tricolor Induces Apoptosis in Cancer Cells and Exhibits Antiangiogenic Activity on Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane
Figure 6
Effect of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction of V. tricolor on the number and diameter of vessels in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Fertilized eggs were incubated at 37°C and 70% relative humidity in a forced draught incubator. The control eggs received sterile PBS only (a). At day 8, a window opening is punctured on each egg and 20 (b) or 40 μg/egg (c) of the ethyl acetate fraction was injected into the chorioallantoic sac. 1, 2, and 3 are representative of heart, artery, and arterioles, respectively (magnification 10x). In the presence of 40 μg/egg of ethyl acetate fraction, the diameter of vessels decreased significantly while the density of blood vessels did not change significantly ((d)–(f)). Data are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. versus untreated cells (0 μg/egg).
