Inequalities in the Use of Family Planning in Rural Nepal

Table 2

Inequalities in the use of modern family planning methods: findings from binomial and multinomial logistic regression.

	Any modern method		Permanent methods		Long-acting reversible methods		Short-acting methods
	Crude OR; (95% CI)	Adjusted OR; (95% CI)	Crude OR; (95% CI)	Adjusted OR; (95% CI)	Crude OR; (95% CI)	Adjusted OR; (95% CI)	Crude OR; (95% CI)	Adjusted OR; (95% CI)
Age-group
15–24 years	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
24–34 years	2.3 (1.9–2.9)	2.5 (2.0–3.1)*	12.3 (7.1–21.3)	10.8 (6.3–18.6)*	1.7 (1.0–2.7)	1.8 (1.1–3.0)*	1.2 (0.9–1.5)	1.4 (1.1–1.8)*
35–49 years	3.5 (2.8–4.4)	3.7 (2.9–4.8)*	30.9 (17.8–53.7)	25.6 (14.7–44.7)*	1.8 (1.0–3.0)	2.0 (1.2–3.5)*	0.8 (0.6–1.0)	1.0 (0.7–1.4)
Level of education
Never attended school	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Primary	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	1.1 (0.9–1.4)	0.4 (0.3–0.6)	0.8 (0.6–0.9)*	1.0 (0.6–1.8)	1.1 (0.6–1.8)	1.6 (1.2–2.1)	1.4 (1.1–1.8)*
Secondary	0.7 (0.6–0.9)	1.0 (0.8–1.2)	0.3 (0.3–0.5)	0.6 (0.5–0.8)*	1.2 (0.8–1.7)	1.3 (0.9–2.0)	1.4 (1.1–1.8)	1.3 (0.9–1.6)
Higher education	0.7 (0.5–0.9)	1.1 (0.7–1.5)	0.1 (0.0–0.2)	0.2 (0.1–0.5)*	0.7 (0.3–1.8)	0.9 (0.4–2.2)	2.0 (1.4–2.7)	1.8 (1.1–2.6)*
Wealth quintile
First	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Second	0.9 (0.8–1.1)	0.9 (0.8–1.1)	0.8 (0.6–1.0)	0.9 (0.7–1.2)	1.3 (0.7–2.5)	1.2 (0.7–2.1)	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	0.9 (0.7–1.2)
Third	0.8 (0.6–1.0)	0.8 (0.7–1.0)	0.9 (0.7–1.2)	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	0.8 (0.4–1.6)	0.7 (0.4–1.4)	0.8 (0.5–1.1)	0.7 (0.5–0.9)*
Fourth	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	0.9 (0.7–1.2)	0.9 (0.7–1.2)	1.1 (0.5–2.3)	1.0 (0.5–2.1)	0.9 (0.6–1.3)	0.9 (0.6–1.3)
Fifth	1.1 (0.9–1.5)	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	1.1 (0.8–1.6)	1.0 (0.7–1.6)	1.1 (0.5–2.1)	1.1 (0.5–2.2)	1.0 (0.7–1.5)	1.0 (0.7–1.6)
Caste/ethnic group
Brahmin/Chhetri	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Terai Madhesi other castes	0.7 (0.5–1.0)	0.7 (0.5–0.9)*	1.5 (1.0–2.3)	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	0.2 (0.0–0.5)	0.2 (0.1–0.7)*	0.3 (0.2–0.7)	0.6 (0.3–1.0)
Dalit	0.8 (0.6–1.0)	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	0.8 (0.5–1.2)	0.7 (0.4–1.1)	0.9 (0.4–1.9)	1.0 (0.6–2.2)	0.8 (0.6–1.2)	1.1 (0.8–1.5)
Newar	1.8 (1.2–2.7)	1.9 (1.4–2.7)*	0.8 (0.4–1.6)	0.9 (0.5–1.6)	0.4 (0.0–2.3)	0.4 (0.1–2.2)	2.5 (1.7–3.6)	2.6 (1.8–3.7)*
Janajati	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	1.2 (0.9–1.4)	0.7 (0.5–1.0)	0.7 (0.5–0.9)*	1.4 (0.8–2.3)	1.6 (0.9–2.7)	1.3 (1.0–1.7)	1.5 (1.1–1.9)*
Muslim	0.1 (0.0–0.3)	0.2 (0.1–0.3)*	0.1 (0.0–0.3)	0.1 (0.1–0.2)*	0.1 (0.0–0.8)	0.2 (0.1–1.1)	0.2 (0.0–0.5)	0.3 (0.1–0.8)*
Other	1.7 (1.1–2.7)	2.1 (1.4–3.2)*	1.1 (0.7–1.9)	1.5 (0.8–2.9)	0.6 (0.1–3.4)	0.5 (0.1–3.8)	1.9 (1.1–3.1)	1.9 (1.2–3.4)*
Time taken to nearest; government health facility
<30 minutes	1		1	1	1	1	1	1
30–60 minutes	1.1 (0.9–1.4)	1.1 (0.9–1.4)	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	1.3 (0.9–1.8)	1.0 (0.5–2.0)	0.9 (0.5–1.8)	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	0.9 (0.8–1.2)
>60 minutes	1.0 (0.7–1.3)	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	0.6 (0.4–0.9)	1.0 (0.7–1.4)	0.7 (0.4–1.3)	0.5 (0.3–0.9)*	1.4 (1.0–1.9)	1.1 (0.8–1.4)
Ecological zone
Mountain	1		1	1	1	1	1	1
Hill	0.7 (0.5–1.0)	0.7 (0.5–0.9)*	0.5 (0.2–1.2)	0.4 (0.2–1.3)	1.0 (0.4–2.5)	1.3 (0.5–3.1)	1.0 (0.6–1.5)	0.9 (0.6–1.4)
Terai	0.7 (0.5–1.1)	1.0 (0.7–1.3)	1.2 (0.5–2.7)	1.4 (0.5–3.6)	0.7 (0.3–1.5)	0.9 (0.4–2.1)	0.5 (0.3–0.8)	0.7 (0.5–1.1)

.