DNA Damage and Its Cellular Response in Mother and Fetus Exposed to Hyperglycemic Environment

Figure 2

Hyperglycemia and inflammation are able to increased ROS production. When ROS production exceeds the detoxification and scavenging capacity of the cell, oxidative stress ensues. Oxidative stress induces DNA damage and when DNA damage exceeds the cellular capacity to repair it, the accumulation of errors can overwhelm the cell resulting in apoptosis, cell senescence, or fixation of genome mutations that will be transmitted to future cell generations. These mutations can lead to and/or play a role in cancer development.