Biologic Propensities and Phytochemical Profile of Vangueria madagascariensis J. F. Gmelin (Rubiaceae): An Underutilized Native Medicinal Food Plant from Africa

Table 6

DPPH scavenging activity of plant extracts.

Samples	IC50^a (µg/mL)		F	One way ANOVA
	Decoction	Methanol		P value (post hoc)
Leaf	132.78 ± 11.38^a	9.04 ± 0.66	349.97	<0.05*
Unripe fruit	612.46 ± 47.21^a	10.01 ± 0.93		<0.05*
Ripe fruit	602.54 ± 39.53^a	48.46 ± 0.63		<0.05*
Seed	612.46 ± 47.22^a	105.86 ± 2.82^a		<0.05*

aIC₅₀ is defined as the concentration sufficient to obtain 50% of maximum scavenging activity, expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). *P < 0.05 is considered as statistically significant (post hoc Tukey HSD). ^aValues significantly higher (P < 0.05) from positive control, ascorbic acid (IC₅₀ = 0.001 ± 0.0006 µg/mL).