Review Article

Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction after Injury: A Review of Clinical and Experimental Therapies

Table 1

Nerve injury classification in increasing severity.

Sunderland [13]Seddon [29]Features

Type 1Neuropraxia Damage to local myelin only
Type 2Axonotmesis Division of intraneural axons only
Type 3Axonotmesis Division of axons and endoneurium
Type 4Axonotmesis Division of axons, endo- and perineurium
Type 5Neurotmesis Complete division of all elements including epineurium
Type 6*Mixed Combination of types 2–4

Mackinnon modification of Sunderland’s criteria [15] and is a common clinical scenario.