Habitual Coffee Consumption Enhances Attention and Vigilance in Hemodialysis Patients

Table 2

The cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, severity of fatigue, and sleep disturbance relative to habitual coffee intake in ESRD patients.

	Noncoffee users	Habitual coffee users	𝑃
Montreal cognitive assessment, total points	20.3±6.3	22.3±4.3	0.190
MoCA score ≥26, 𝑛 (%)	3 (15.8%)	18 (26.9%)	0.382
FACIT fatigue score	29.2±11.6	30.1±10.2	0.745
Athens Insomnia Scale, total points	10.7±5.9	6.7±5.5	0.010
Athens Insomnia Scale, score >6, 𝑛 (%)	15 (83.3%)	30 (50.8%)	0.014
ESS total score, median (range)	9.0 (0.0–21.0)	5.0 (0.0–24.0)	0.019
ESS score ≥10, 𝑛 (%)	8 (44.4%)	12 (20.7%)	0.048
PSQI, total points	9.7±5.6	7.3±3.6	0.128
PSQI, score ≤5, 𝑛 (%)	4 (26.7%)	12 (20.7%)	0.728
Beck Depression Inventory II, total points	19.7±15.3	11.0±05.6	0.048
Beck Depression Inventory II, score ≥16, 𝑛 (%)	8 (53.3%)	15 (25.9%)	0.045
The Beck Anxiety Inventory, total points	12.6±11.4	11.2±8.7	0.606

FACIT: The functional assessment of chronic illness therapy fatigue scale; ESS: the epworth sleepiness scale; PSQI: pittsburgh sleep quality index.
Data presented as mean ± SD If not otherwise specified.