Current and Future Lymphatic Imaging Modalities for Tumor Staging

Table 1

Various research modalities.

Modality	Product	Type of cancer	Application	Reference
Ultrasound	Sonophoresis	Breast cancer	Therapeutic	Husseini and Pitt, 2009 [4]
Nanotechnology	Nanoconjugate drug	Breast cancer	Therapeutic	Cai et al., 2011 [5]
Nanotechnology	Stealth liposome	Breast cancer	Therapeutic	Qiang et al., 2009 [6]
MRI	Combine with ultrasound	Prostate cancer	Therapeutic	Nune et al., 2011 [1]
Nanotechnology	Nanoconjugate drug	Breast cancer	Therapeutic	Cai et al., 2010 [7]
Nanotechnology	Iron oxide	Melanoma	Therapeutic	Balivada et al., 2010 [8]
Nanotechnology	Quantum dot	Melanoma	Diagnostic	Ballou et al., 2007 [9]
PET	New tracer	Breast cancer	Diagnostic	Authier et al., 2008 [10]
PET	New tracer	Prostate cancer	Diagnostic	Mease, 2010 [11]
Nanotechnology	Quantum dot	Melanoma	Diagnostic	Kobayashi et al., 2009 [12]
Ultrasound	Contrast enhanced	Breast cancer	Diagnostic	Wang and Thanou, 2010 [13]
PET	New tracer	Melanoma	Diagnostic	Cody et al., 2004 [14]
Ultrasound	Photoacoustic imaging	Melanoma	Diagnostic	Staley et al., 2010 [15]
Ultrasound	Photoacoustic imaging	Breast cancer	Diagnostic	Bhang et al., 2009 [16]
Ultrasound	Photoacoustic imaging	Breast cancer	Diagnostic	Song et al., 2008 [17]
Ultrasound	Contrast enhanced	Breast cancer	Diagnostic	Weskott, 2008 [18]