Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antioxidant Activities of Safflower Natural Dyes during Flowering

Figure 1

Concentrations of precarthamin (a) and carthamin (b) (μg/g DW) at four flowering stages. Different letters (a–d) denote statistically significant differences by Duncan’s multiple range test at 𝑃<0.05.

(a)

(b)