Association between Positivity and Smoking Cessation
Table 2
Characteristics of the 481 participants enrolled in the study, according to their smoking status at the telephone interview.
Ex-smokers
Still-smokers
P value*
Number of subjects
244
237
Age: years
56.3 ± 10.1
55.0 ± 9.7
.121
Females (%)
52.0
65.8
.001
Occupation (%)
Unemployed/household
8.6
7.6
.675
Employed or students
60.7
64.6
Retired
30.7
27.8
Marital Status (%)
Single
17.0
19.9
.005
Married/living together
65.1
51.3
Divorced or separated or widowed
17.9
28.8
Body weight: Kg
74.6 ± 14.8
67.5 ± 13.2
<.001
Weight gain from enrollment (Kg)
2.8 ± 6.8
−0.2 ± 6.6
<.001
Children at home: yes (%)
25.0
19.1
.079
Number of cigarettes per day
0
17.9 ± 11.6
Number of further quit attempts (%)
0
79.2
55.6
<.001
1
14.4
23.1
2
3.8
11.5
3+
2.5
9.8
Takes prescription drugs: yes (%)
64.3
59.5
.158
Craving Scale (0–100)
7.8 ± 19.1
69.2 ± 27.8
<.001
POS
3.8 ± 0.7
3.6 ± 0.8
.016
GSE
4.0 ± 0.6
3.9 ± 0.7
.241
CONSC
4.2 ± 0.6
4.1 ± 0.6
.503
Note. Data are reported as mean ± SD or as percentage of the total number of subjects observed for each group. POS: Positivity Scale; GSE: General Self-Efficacy Scale; CONSC: Conscientiousness Scale. *Pearson’s chi square or Student’s t-test.
