A Survey of FDG- and Amyloid-PET Imaging in Dementia and GRADE Analysis

Table 1

Summary of included 18F-FDG-PET for early diagnosis and conversion prediction, with LHR, increase in LHR+, GRADE, and population.

Authors	Population	Method	Cohort investigated	Follow-up (months)	Sensitivity	Specificity	LHR+	Increase in the LHR+	Quality of evidence (GRADE)
Arnáiz et al., 2001 [79]	20MCI	ROI	20	36	0.67	0.82	3.72	Small	L
*Herholz et al., 2002 [27]	110 HC; 395 pAD	AD t-sum	395	—	0.93	0.93	13.29	Large	M
Mosconi et al., 2004 [80]	37 MCI	SPM	37	12	1	0.9	10.00	Moderate	M
Drzezga et al., 2005 [82]	30 MCI	SPM + Minoshima	30	16	0.92	0.89	8.36	Moderate	M
Anchisi et al., 2005 [17]	48 aMCI	SPM	48	12	0.929	0.824	5.28	Moderate	M
*Haense et al., 2009a [84]	89 AD; 102 HC	AD t-sum	89	—	0.83	0.78	3.77	Small	L
*Haense et al., 2009b [84]	237 AD; 37 HC	AD t-sum	237	—	0.78	0.94	13.00	Large	M
Yuan et al., 2009 [20]	280 MCI	Meta-analysis	280	14.25	0.888	0.849	5.88	Moderate	M
*Landau et al., 2010 [85]	85 MCI; 97 AD; 102 HC	SPM + ROI	97	—	0.82	0.7	2.73	Small	L
Brück et al., 2013 [86]	22 MCI	SPM + ROI	22	24	0.87	0.78	3.95	Small	L
*Arbizu et al., 2013 [87]	80 HC; 36 MCIc; 85 MCIs; 67 AD	Automated voxel-based analytical method	67	—	0.818	0.86	5.84	Moderate	M

Total number of patients and healthy controls considered in the study. Method: quantitative method applied in the study. Cohort investigated: number of patients considered for sensitivity and specificity estimations. Followup: duration of observational period (for early diagnosis study). Sensitivity and specificity: results of the study. LHR+: likelihood ratio. Increase in the LHR+: increase in the probability of the likelihood of the disease. GRADE: results of GRADE evaluation. Quality of evidence was evaluated based on LHR+ values, LHR+ increase probability, and size of the sample included.
Abbreviations: pAD: probable Alzheimer’s disease; MCI: mild cognitive impairment; aMCI: amnestic mild cognitive impairment; MCIc: MCI converters; MCIs: MCI stable; HC: healthy controls.
*Studies including early diagnosis of AD.