BioMed Research International

Research Article

Measurement of Bed Turning and Comparison with Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index in a Healthy Population: Application of a Novel Mobility Detection System

Table 6

Generalized predictors affecting turning ability.


Variables	Univariate		Multivariate
Variables	Beta (95 CI)	value	Beta (95 CI)	value

Turn time (sec)
Gender (men versus women)	−0.310 (−0.819, 0.198)	0.232	−0.414 (−0.842, 0.014)	0.058
BMI (per kg/m²)	0.004 (−0.063, 0.071)	0.904	0.028 (−0.022, 0.078)	0.267
Age (per year)	0.010 (−0.002, 0.023)	0.106	0.010 (−0.002, 0.022)	0.114
Side-turn (right versus left)	0.040 (−0.255, 0.334)	0.792	0.040 (−0.255, 0.334)	0.792
Times	−0.007 (−0.039, 0.026)	0.685	−0.007 (−0.039, 0.026)	0.685
TL (cm)
Gender (men versus women)	−0.697 (−6.788, 5.395)	0.823	−2.990 (−8.883, 2.903)	0.320
BMI (per kg/m²)	0.377 (−0.323, 1.076)	0.291	0.673 (0.010, 1.336)	0.047*
Age (per year)	−0.125 (−0.262, 0.011)	0.072	−0.137 (−0.277, 0.003)	0.056
Side-turn (right versus left)	0.116 (−1.250, 1.483)	0.868	0.116 (−1.250, 1.483)	0.868
Times	0.089 (−0.008, 0.185)	0.071	0.089 (−0.008, 0.185)	0.071
Turn speed (cm/sec)
Gender (men versus women)	−0.027 (−1.234, 1.181)	0.966	−0.377 (−1.577, 0.823)	0.538
BMI (per 1 kg/m²)	0.058 (−0.075, 0.191)	0.391	0.104 (−0.017, 0.226)	0.093
Age (per 1 year)	−0.031 (−0.052, −0.009)	0.005	−0.032 (−0.055, −0.010)	0.005*
Side-turn (right versus left)	0.059 (−0.130, 0.248)	0.539	0.059 (−0.130, 0.248)	0.539
Times	0.021 (0.000, 0.041)	0.050	0.021 (0.000, 0.041)	0.050
TURN Peak Time (ds)
Gender (men versus women)	−0.878 (−3.271, 1.515)	0.472	−1.235 (−3.747, 1.277)	0.335
BMI (per kg/m²)	0.036 (−0.308, 0.381)	0.836	0.095 (−0.267, 0.457)	0.606
Age (per year)	0.053 (−0.004, 0.110)	0.066	0.052 (−0.003, 0.107)	0.066
Side-turn (right versus left)	−0.382 (−2.664, 1.901)	0.743	−0.382 (−2.664, 1.901)	0.743
Times	−0.185 (−0.321, −0.049)	0.008	−0.185 (−0.321, −0.049)	0.008*
TURN Force (kg·m/s²)
Gender (men versus women)	14.465 (7.121, 21.808)	0.000	6.708 (1.038, 12.378)	0.020*
BMI (per kg/m²)	2.627 (1.778, 3.476)	<0.0001	2.237 (1.432, 3.042)	<0.0001*
Age (per year)	−0.117 (−0.347, 0.114)	0.320	−0.160 (−0.282, −0.039)	0.010*
Side-turn (right versus left)	0.651 (−0.977, 2.279)	0.433	0.651 (−0.977, 2.279)	0.433
Times	−0.048 (−0.108, 0.012)	0.119	−0.048 (−0.108, 0.012)	0.119
BACK Time (sec)
Gender (men versus women)	0.016 (−0.411, 0.442)	0.943	−0.113 (−0.442, 0.217)	0.503
BMI (per kg/m²)	0.034 (−0.030, 0.098)	0.303	0.035 (−0.014, 0.084)	0.158
Age (per year)	0.012 (0.001, 0.023)	0.032	0.011 (0.001, 0.022)	0.033*
Side-turn (right versus left)	0.121 (−0.247, 0.488)	0.520	0.121 (−0.247, 0.488)	0.520
Times	−0.006 (−0.055, 0.042)	0.803	−0.006 (−0.055, 0.042)	0.803
BL (cm)
Gender (men versus women)	−0.722 (−6.905, 5.462)	0.819	−3.025 (−9.116, 3.065)	0.330
BMI (per kg/m²)	0.377 (−0.336, 1.089)	0.300	0.676 (−0.016, 1.368)	0.055
Age (per year)	−0.127 (−0.265, 0.012)	0.073	−0.138 (−0.282, 0.005)	0.058
Side-turn (right versus left)	−0.022 (−1.320, 1.276)	0.973	−0.022 (−1.320, 1.276)	0.973
Times	0.039 (−0.050, 0.128)	0.389	0.039 (−0.050, 0.128)	0.389
BACK Speed (cm/sec)
Gender (men versus women)	−0.139 (−1.426, 1.148)	0.833	−0.500 (−1.758, 0.757)	0.436
BMI (per kg/m²)	0.052 (−0.096, 0.199)	0.492	0.108 (−0.032, 0.248)	0.131
Age (per year)	−0.032 (−0.059, −0.006)	0.016	−0.034 (−0.061, −0.007)	0.014*
Turn side (right versus left)	−0.053 (−0.376, 0.270)	0.747	−0.053 (−0.376, 0.270)	0.747
Times	0.005 (−0.016, 0.026)	0.631	0.005 (−0.016, 0.026)	0.631
BACK Peak Time (ds)
Gender (men versus women)	1.389 (−1.105, 3.882)	0.275	0.473 (−2.984, 3.929)	0.789
BMI (per kg/m²)	0.289 (−0.047, 0.625)	0.092	0.264 (−0.214, 0.741)	0.279
Age (per year)	−0.010 (−0.065, 0.045)	0.718	−0.015 (−0.066, 0.036)	0.559
Side-turn (right versus left)	−0.231 (−2.757, 2.296)	0.858	−0.231 (−2.757, 2.296)	0.858
Times	−0.007 (−0.331, 0.316)	0.965	−0.007 (−0.331, 0.316)	0.965
BACK Force (kg·m/s²)
Gender (men versus women)	14.430 (6.843, 22.018)	0.0002	6.380 (0.262, 12.497)	0.041*
BMI (per kg/m²)	2.687 (1.819, 3.555)	<0.0001	2.321 (1.467, 3.175)	<0.0001*
Age (per year)	−0.116 (−0.357, 0.125)	0.344	−0.161 (−0.292, −0.030)	0.016*
Side-turn (right versus left)	0.847 (−0.347, 2.042)	0.165	0.847 (−0.347, 2.042)	0.165
Times	0.032 (−0.065, 0.128)	0.519	0.032 (−0.065, 0.128)	0.519
TURN Weight ratio
Gender (men versus women)	−0.020 (−0.105, 0.064)	0.637	0.015 (−0.065, 0.096)	0.708
BMI (per kg/m²)	−0.009 (−0.021, 0.002)	0.112	−0.010 (−0.022, 0.001)	0.082
Age (per year)	−0.001 (−0.003, 0.001)	0.440	−0.001 (−0.003, 0.001)	0.540
Side-turn (right versus left)	0.015 (−0.014, 0.044)	0.302	0.015 (−0.014, 0.044)	0.302
Times	−0.001 (−0.002, 0.000)	0.163	−0.001 (−0.002, 0.000)	0.163
BACK Weight ratio
Gender (men versus women)	−0.024 (−0.108, 0.061)	0.5805	0.009 (−0.077, 0.094)	0.844
BMI (per kg/m²)	−0.009 (−0.021, 0.003)	0.1285	−0.009 (−0.021, 0.003)	0.127
Age (per year)	−0.001 (−0.003, 0.001)	0.4668	−0.001 (−0.003, 0.002)	0.550
Side-turn (right versus left)	0.017 (−0.004, 0.037)	0.1114	0.017 (−0.004, 0.037)	0.111
Times	0.000 (−0.001, 0.002)	0.5404	0.000 (−0.001, 0.002)	0.540

*: indicated statistical significance.