Hypoxia in Diabetic Kidneys

<table>The essential role of HIF-1 is to switch the glucose metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis under hypoxic (Pasteur effect) or normoxic (pseudohypoxia or Warburg effect) conditions. Glycolysis: glucose + 2P<sub><i>i</i></sub> + 2ADP + 2NAD<sup>+</sup><svg height="7.6374998" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.174999 7.6374998" width="19.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,2.9,7.575)"><path d="M901 255q-71 -62 -185 -187l-22 15l102 147h-727v50h727l-102 147l22 15q114 -125 185 -187z" id="x2192"></path></g>
</svg> 2pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H<sub>2</sub>O, 2pyruvate + 2NADH <svg height="7.6374998" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.174999 7.6374998" width="19.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,2.9,7.575)"><path d="M901 255q-71 -62 -185 -187l-22 15l102 147h-727v50h727l-102 147l22 15q114 -125 185 -187z" id="x2192"></path></g>
</svg> 2lactate + 2NAD<sup>+</sup>. Aerobic respiration: glucose + 6O<sub>2</sub> + 36P<sub><i>i</i></sub> + 36ADP <svg height="7.6374998" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.174999 7.6374998" width="19.174999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,2.9,7.575)"><path d="M901 255q-71 -62 -185 -187l-22 15l102 147h-727v50h727l-102 147l22 15q114 -125 185 -187z" id="x2192"></path></g>
</svg> 6CO<sub>2</sub> + 36ATP + 42H<sub>2</sub>O.</table>

BioMed Research International

Hypoxia in Diabetic Kidneys

Figure 5