Are There Differences in the Health Outcomes of Mothers in Europe and East-Asia? A Cross-Cultural Health Survey

Table 2

Differences in four dimensions of quality of life and depressive symptoms in Japanese and Austrian mothers.

	Japan; ( = 170)	Austria; ( = 227)		Eta²
Physical quality of life
M ± SD	63.36 ± 14.13	80.28 ± 12.66	0.000	0.284
Psychological quality of life
M ± SD	59.14 ± 13.76	73.75 ± 14.50	0.000	0.207
Social quality of life
M ± SD	63.66 ± 14.70	73.0 ± 19.13	0.000	0.066
Environmental quality of life
M ± SD	59.96 ± 13.18	80.35 ± 13.17	0.000	0.371
Depression
M ± SD	1.02 ± 1.20	1.19 ± 1.09	0.129	0.006

indicates a significant effect at the 0.05 level.
Eta² = effect size, showing the strength of the study.