|
| Author(s) | Measure | Methods | Subjects | Results |
|
| Lewin and Piper [11] | 17-item
patient perceptions of empowerment scale | Frequency score and rank | 142 inpatients | The 17 items were rescored on a five-point scale; the higher score, the more satisfied the respondent |
|
Anderson et al.
[12, 13] | 28-item diabetes-patient empowerment scale | Principal component analysis | 375 and 229 diabetes patients | Three-factor solution accounts for 56% of the total variance |
|
| Bulsara et al. [14] | 28-item patient empowerment scale | Rasch model analysis | 100 cancer patients | Fitted the Rasch model with the exception of 2 items |
|
| Faulkner [15] | 100-item patient- empowerment/disempowerment
scale (frequency-of- action scale) | Frequency score | 102 elderly patients | Offered as a means of identifying hospital environments which facilitate independence |
|
| Chen et al. [16] | 15-item diabetes-patient empowerment process scale | Principal component-
and confirmatory factor analysis | 211 diabetes patients | Second-order four-factor model; four factors: raising awareness, mutual participation, providing information, and communication |
|
| Hansson and Björkman [17] | 28-item empowerment scale | Confirmatory factor analysis | 176 subjects with mental illness | Good construct validity; two-factors: self-esteem and activism and community and power |
|
| Kettunen et al. [18] | 43-item empowering-speech scale | Confirmatory factor analysis | 127 counseling situations | Second-order two-factor solution explained 59% of variation |
|
| Rogers et al. [19] | 28-item empowerment scale | Principal components factor analysis | 271 members of six self-help Programs | Five-factors: self-efficacy, power, community activism; righteous anger; and optimism and control over the future |
|
