Abnormal Early Gamma Responses to Emotional Faces Differentiate Unipolar from Bipolar Disorder Patients
Table 2
Between-group differences (patients versus NCs) in neural response to facial expressions during 30–120 ms.
Group difference
Emotion
Brain region
BA
Time (ms)
Coordinate (mm)
Cluster size
Duration
Peak
x, y, z at peak
MDD < NC
Sad
R anterior insula/Inferior orbitofrontal cortex
BA47
40–70
60
26, 14, −20
4.94
457
R superior temporal pole/parahippocampal cortex
BA38
55–70
60
30, 16, −26
4.7
339
R amygdala
55–65
55
22, −4, −12
4.47
30
Happy
L superior medial frontal cortex
BA8
30–40
35
−6, 42, 56
4.6
64
R medial orbitofrontal cortex
BA10/11/32
30–40
35
16, 52, −12
4.46
366
Angry/neutral
—
MDD > NC
Sad
R precentral cortex
BA4
95–115
105
22, −24, 62
4.87
217
Happy/angry/neutral
—
BD < NC
Sad/happy/angry/neutral
—
BD > NC
Happy
R middle temporal cortex
BA22
90–100
90
46, −56, 20
4.4
71
Angry
R middle/inferior occipital cortex
BA18
80–100
95
32, −96, −4
5.15
258
Sad/neutral
—
The significant voxels were performed by a one-way ANOVA of three groups (uncorrected ) and between-group comparisons with a Bonferroni adjustment (uncorrected ), all values >3.87. The cluster size denotes the number of voxels and coordinates are in MNI space. BA: Brodmann area; R: right; L: left.
