[Retracted] Immunomodulation in Human Dendritic Cells Leads to Induction of Interferon-Gamma Production by Leishmania donovani Derived KMP-11 Antigen via Activation of NF-κB in Indian Kala-Azar Patients

Figure 4

Flow cytometry analysis on reversal of immune-suppression in moDCs in response to L. donovani antigen after stimulation of KMP-11. (a)-(b) Comparison of cytokine production by APCs after costimulation by KMP-11. 1 × 10⁶/mL of either CD14+ MΦ or CD83+ moDCs was stimulated with KMP-11 (10 μg/mL) and PHA (10 μg) for 16 h. Harvested cells were consecutively coincubated with Bref-A (1 μg/mL), surface CD-4 (PE)/CD-83 (PE) antibodies, and cytofix/Perm solution before cytoplasmic staining with FITC for IL-10 and TGF-β and acquired and analyzed on FACS-calibur. Values were expressed in mean ± SEM. Each sample was run in duplicate. ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001 versus VL-MΦ; ^#𝑃<0.05, ^###𝑃<0.001 versus VL-DC; ^aaa𝑃<0.001 versus Ctrl-MΦ; ^@@@𝑃<0.001 versus VL-MΦ-KMP-11; ^bbb𝑃<0.001 versus VL-DC-KMP-11; ^cc𝑃<0.01, ^ccc𝑃<0.001 versus Ctrl-KMP-11; ^$𝑃<0.05,  ^$$$𝑃<0.001 versus respective MΦ and DC groups; and ⁺⁺⁺𝑃<0.001 between respective VL-DC and Ctrl-DC groups. (c) Representative dot plot for the intracellular staining of IL-10 in MΦs and DCs of VL patients.

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