Unaffected Arm Muscle Hypercatabolism in Dysphagic Subacute Stroke Patients: The Effects of Essential Amino Acid Supplementation

Table 4

Amino acid arterial concentrations and A − V differences found in the two patient subgroups randomized to receive treatment (EAAs) or placebo, both at admission and discharge from rehabilitation.

Amino acid profiles (mol/L)	Admission			Discharge		^∧Trend over time level) interaction
	Placebo )	EAAs; )	value	Placebo )	EAAs; )
Aspartate
A
A − V
Glutamate
A
A − V
Histidine
A
A − V
Asparagine
A
A − V
Serine
A
A − V
Glutamine
A
A − V
3-Methylhistidine
A
A − V
Arginine
A
A − V
Citrulline
A
A − V
Glycine
A
A − V
^*Threonine
A
A − V
Alanine
A
A − V
Taurine
A
A − V
Tyrosine
A
A − V
^*°Valine
A
A − V
^*Methionine
A
A − V
^*Tryptophan
A
A − V
^*Phenylalanine
A
A − V
^*°Isoleucine
A
A − V
^*°Leucine
A
A − V
Ornithine
A
A − V
^*Lysine
A
A − V
Total-amino acids
A
A − V
^*EAAs
A
A − V
°BCAAs
A
A − V

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical analysis: unpaired -test; ^∧repeated measures analysis of variance. Trend over time: interaction differences in trends between groups. ^*Essential amino acids (EAAs); °branched chain amino acids (BCAAs).