1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ Promotes High Glucose-Induced M1 Macrophage Switching to M2 via the VDR-PPAR Signaling Pathway

Figure 6

The effect of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ on the expression of VDR and PPARγ. RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with 1,25(OH)₂D₃ in a dose- (0.1 nM, 1 nM, 10 nM, and 100 nM) dependent manner. After 24 h, the cells were collected for (a) RT-PCR and (b) western blotting analysis. β-actin was used as an internal control. A concentration of 11.1 mM glucose was used as a control. HG: 25 mM glucose. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( per group). ^* versus control; ^# versus HG.

(a)

(b)