MicroRNAs as Important Players and Biomarkers in Oral Carcinogenesis

Table 1

Summary of miRNAs and associated signal pathways/target genes in OSCC/HNSCC.

miRNA	Up/downregulation	Target genes/associated pathways	Ref.
miR-21	Up	PDCD4	[23]
		TPMI	[16]
		RECK	[26]
		CLU	[22]
		DKK2-Wnt/β-catenin	[18]
		Smad7-TGFβ1	[27]
		HA/CD44-Nanog/Stat3-PDCD4, IAPs	[24]
miR-31	Up	FIH-HIF-EVGF	[28]
miR-31	Up	FGF3	[29]
		RhoA	[32]
miR-134	Up	WWOX	[36]
miR-146a	Up	IRK1, TRAF6, and NUMB	[33]
miR-155	Up	CDC73	[39]
miR-7	Up	RECK	[26]
		IGF1R-Akt	[45]
miR-9	Down	CXCR4-Wnt/β-catenin	[50]
miR-17/20a	Down	ITGβ8	[60]
miR-29a	Down	MMP2	[57]
miR-34	Down	E2F3, survivin, and VEGF	[64]
		SIRT6	[89]
miR-99a	Down	IGF1R	[46]
miR-124	Down	ITGB1	[58]
miR-125b	Down	ICAM2	[65]
miR-138	Down	FOSL1	[52]
		VIM, ZEB2, EZH2	[53]
		RhoC, and RoCK2	[54]
miR-140-5p	Down	ADAM10, ERBB4, PAX6, and LAMC1	[90]
miR-145	Down	c-Myc, Cdk6	[67]
miR-181a	Down	K-ras	[91]
		Twist1	[56]
miR-205	Down	IL-24, caspase-3/-7,	[92]
		and Axin-2	[93]
miR-218	Down	mTOR-Rictor-Akt	[48]
miR-320	Down	HIF-1α-NRP1-VEGF	[41]
miR-357	Down	CIP2A-MYC	[61]
		AEG-1/MTDH	[62]
miR-419-5p	Down	GIT1	[59]
		EGFR-ERK1/2-MMP2/9
miR-483-3p	—	API5, BRIC5, and RAN	[94]
miR-196a	Up	MAMDC2	[95]
miR-26a/b	Down	TMEM184B	[96]