MicroRNAs as Important Players and Biomarkers in Oral Carcinogenesis

Table 2

miRNA deregulation and relevance to OSCC diagnosis and prognosis.

miRNA(s)	Source	Up/downregulation (OSCC versus normal control)	Diagnostic/prognostic relevance	Ref.
miR-16, Let-7b	Serum	Up	Yes/ND	[69]^a
miR-223, miR-29a,	Serum	Down
and miR-338-3p
miR-24	Plasma	Up	Yes/ND	[70]
miR-146a	Tissue/plasma	Up	Yes/ND	[33]
miR-21	Tissue	Up	Yes/ND	[71]^b
	Plasma	Up	Yes/yes
	Tissue	Up	ND/yes	[16]^c
	Tissue	Up	ND/yes	[26]
	Tissue	Up	Yes/yes	[17, 80]^b
	Tissue	Up	ND/yes	[20]^d
miR-31	Saliva	Up	Yes/ND	[72]
miR-27b	Saliva	Up	Yes/ND	[73]
miR-125b	Tissue	Down	ND/yes	[65]
miR-491-5p	Tissue	Down	ND/yes	[59]
miR-181	Plasma/tissue	Up	Yes/yes	[77]
miR-375	Tissue	Down	ND/yes	[78]^b
miR-205 and Let-7d	Tissue	Down	ND/yes	[79]^b
miR-155	Tissue	Up	ND/yes	[38]
	Tissue	Up	Yes/yes	[37]
miR-21-3p	Tissue	Up	ND/yes	[97]
miR-141-3p
miR-96-5p
miR-130b-3p
miR-196a/b	Tissue	Up	Yes/yes	[98]
miR-196a	Plasma	Up	Yes/yes
miR-211	Tissue	Down	ND/yes	[99]

^aOSCC group also consists of lesions with carcinoma in situ; ^bHNSCC specimens; ^cTSCC; ^dexpression examined in the tumor stroma; Ref.: references; ND: not determined.