Author/reference Enteral versus control ( Study characteristics Duration of treatment (months) Results (rate of recurrence) Conclusion Yamamoto et al. [46 ] 20/20 Prospective CD remission elemental overnight 12 5/20 versus 13/20 EN therapy reduces the incidence of postoperative CD recurrence Yamamoto et al. [45 ] 20/20 Prospective postoperative elemental overnight 12 1/20 versus 7/20 Long-term EN in patients with quiescent CD improves clinical and endoscopic disease activities and the mucosal inflammatory cytokine levels Takagi et al. [44 ] 26 (elemental diet group) Prospective CD remission elemental diet 24 35% versus 64% A half elemental diet is a promising maintenance therapy for CD Esaki et al. [49 ] 21/18 Prospective postoperative 1200 kcal/day versus 1200 kcal/day enteral 6–83 11/24 versus 12/16 EN could prevent the postoperative recurrence of terminal ileum CD. Patients with the penetrating type and those who do not have active lesions in the terminal ileum could receive EN after surgery Verma et al. [43 ] 21 on EN in addition to normal diet versus 18 pts on normal, unrestricted diet Prospective CD remission oral nutritional supplements 12 On an intention-to-treat basis, 10/21 (48%) remained in remission compared to 4/18 (22%) patients in Group 2, ( Nutritional supplementation is safe, well tolerated, and effective in the long-term management of patients with quiescent CD Harries et al. [50 ] 28 malnourished patients with CD Prospective crossover for 2 months oral nutritional supplements 4 Disease activity, nutritional status Enteral supplementation can be managed successfully at home and may improve nutrition and disease activity
