Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Leaflets and Rachis to Enhance Enzymatic Digestibility and Bioethanol Potential

Table 1

FTIR absorbance bands in biomass study (adapted from [41, 54–56]).

Wavenumber (cm^−1)		Polymer
900	Glycosidic bond	Cellulose (amorphous) [54]
1035	C-O, C=C, and C-C-O stretching	Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin [55]
1045	C-C, C-OH, C-H ring, and side group vibrations	Lignin [56]
1098	Glycosidic bond	Cellulose (crystalline) [54]
1160	C-O-C asymmetrical stretching	Cellulose, hemicellulose [55]
1247	C-O stretching	Hemicellulose, lignin [41]
1465	C-H deformation	Lignin [54]
1510	Aromatic ring vibration	Lignin [54]
1595	Aromatic ring vibration + C=O stretching	Lignin [54]
2840, 2937	C-H stretching	Lignin [54]
3421	O-H stretching	Lignin [54]