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| Questionnaire and scales | Function(s) | Target population(s) | Advantages | Disadvantage(s) |
|
| Brief Medication Questionnaire | Patient’s medication-taking behavior
Barriers to adherence | Diabetes
Depression | Self-administration
Evaluate multidrug regimes
Reduce practitioner’s training | Time-consuming |
|
| Hill-Bone Compliance Scale (Hill-Bone) | Patient’s medication-taking behavior
Barriers to adherence | Hypertension specific, black patients | High internal consistency in both primary and outpatient setting | Limited generalizability |
|
| 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) | Patient’s medication-taking behavior
Barriers to adherence | All validated conditions |
Higher validity and reliability in patients with chronic diseases than MAQ | |
|
| Medication Adherence Questionnaire (MAQ) | Barriers to adherence | All validated conditions | Quickest to administer
Validated in the broadest range of diseases
Validated in patients with low literacy | Comparatively short, mainly suitable for initial screening |
|
| The Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale (SEAMS) | Barriers to adherence | All validated chronic conditions | High internal consistency in patients with high or low literacy | Time-consuming |
|
| Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) | Barriers to medication adherence
Beliefs to medication adherence | Chronic mental illness, especially with schizophrenia | Simplistic scoring
Strong positive correlations compared to DAI and MAQ | Limited generalizability |
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