Dual Monitoring of Secretion and ATP Levels during Chondrogenesis Using Perfusion Culture-Combined Bioluminescence Monitoring System

Figure 3

Perfusion culture induces ATP oscillations to be started earlier and to have higher frequency than static culture. While ATDC5 cells transfected with the PxRe reporter gene were cultured in the static culture with the chondrogenic medium (a) or the perfusion culture with the chondrogenic medium (b), bioluminescence intensities from the ATDC5 cells were monitored in real time.

(a)  

(b)