Effects of Surface Inclination on the Vertical Loading Rates and Landing Pattern during the First Attempt of Barefoot Running in Habitual Shod Runners

Table 1

Comparison of vertical impact peak and vertical loading rates during inclined, level, and declined treadmill running.

	Inclined	Level	Declined
Shod running
VIP (body mass)	1.21 ± 0.33^a,b	1.51 ± 0.36^b,c	1.78 ± 0.43^a,c	<0.001
VALR (body mass/s/m)	131.73 ± 71.09^a,b	159.72 ± 81.82^b,c	202.95 ± 94.49^a,c	0.030
VILR (body mass/s/m)	146.19 ± 70.99^a,b	175.28 ± 83.88^b,c	225.20 ± 94.17^a,c	0.014
Barefoot running
VIP (body mass)	1.24 ± 0.30^a,b	1.39 ± 0.31^b,c	1.65 ± 0.46^a,c	0.002
VALR (body mass/s/m)	157.90 ± 74.27	169.16 ± 82.92	174.83 ± 100.08	0.820
VILR (body mass/s/m)	183.43 ± 73.56	196.17 ± 80.77	220.99 ± 102.09	0.382

Data are presented as mean standard deviation (SD).
p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001.
a, b, and c indicate that the corresponding parameter is significantly different () from the one in level, declined, and inclined condition, respectively.