Viability, Apoptosis, Proliferation, Activation, and Cytokine Secretion of Human Keratoconus Keratocytes after Cross-Linking

Table 1

Concentration (pg/μg protein) of different cytokines in keratoconus keratocyte cultures five hours after treatment.

	Keratocytes	Keratocytes + riboflavin	Keratocytes + 370 nm	Keratocytes + riboflavin + 370 nm	value	value	value
FGFb	3.28 ± 2.40	3.89 ± 1.15	3.10 ± 1.06	6.32 ± 1.84	0.34	0.6	0.037
HGF	1.73 ± 0.58	1.74 ± 0.45	1.79 ± 0.36	1.83 ± 0.48	0.92	0.6	0.75
TGFβ1	3.19 ± 0.76	3.48 ± .58	3.09 ± 0.61	3.51 ± 0.57	0.47	0.75	0.35
VEGF	2.79 ± 0.07	3.13 ± 1.04	2.24 ± 0.75	2.55 ± 1.05	0.75	0.08	0.35
KGF	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n/a	n/a	n/a
IL-1β	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n/a	n/a	n/a
IL-6	0.13 ± 0.08	0.15 ± 0.08	0.14 ± 0.06	0.11 ± 0.04	0.47	0.47	0.35
IL-8	0.91 ± 0.36	1.01 ± 0.34	0.89 ± 0.4	0.87 ± 0.37	0.6	0.47	0.92

Values indicate mean ± SD.
values indicate the difference between “keratocytes” versus “keratocytes + 370 nm” groups (Mann-Whitney test).
values indicate the difference between “keratocytes” versus “keratocytes + riboflavin” groups (Mann-Whitney test).
values indicate the difference between “keratocytes” versus “keratocytes + riboflavin + 370 nm” groups (Mann-Whitney test).
Significant values are shown in bold.
n.d. = not detectable.
n/a = not applicable.