Review Article
An Update on the Safety and Efficacy of Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in Pediatric Keratoconus
Table 2
Cross-linking in pediatric keratoconus: summary of the studies’ characteristics and overall results.
| Study | Type | patients/eyes | Age (yrs.) | M/F ratio | Amsler-Krumeich classification | F-up before CXL (mo.) | CXL Technique | F-up after CXL (mo.) | Safety | Efficacy |
| Caporossi et al. [30] | P | 152/77 | 10–18 | 4/1 | ≤III | 12–36 | Standard | 36 | + | + |
| Caporossi et al. [31] | P | 10/10 | 11–18 | | | | Transepithelial | 24 | + | − |
| Vinciguerra et al. [32] | P | 40/40 | 9–18 | 31/9 | II | 3 | Standard | 24 | + | + |
| Buzzonetti and Petrocelli [42] | P | 13/13 | 8–18 | 12/1 | ≤III | | Transepithelial | 18 | + | − |
| Zotta et al. [33] | R | 4/8 | 11–15 | 1/3 | | 6–9 | Standard | 36 | + | + |
| Chatzis and Hafezi [34] | R | 42/59 | 9–19 | 29/13 | I–IV | | Standard | 36 | + | − |
| Arora et al. [40] | P | 15/15 | 10–15 | | I-II | | Standard | 12 | + | + |
| Bakshi et al. [35] | R | 9/9 | 11–17 | 1/0 | | 12 | Standard | 24 | + | + |
| Magli et al. [36] | R | 19/23 11/16 | 12–17 12–17 | 14/5 8/3 | | 6 6 | Standard Transepithelial | 12 | + | + |
| Shetty et al. [37] | P | 18/30 | 11–14 | | | | Accelerated 9 mW/cm2 for 10 minutes | 24 | + | + |
| Ozgurhan et al. [39] | R | 38/44 | 9–18 | 14/5 | | | Accelerated 30 mW/cm2 for 4 minutes | 24 | + | + |
| Salman [41] | P | 22/22 | 13–18 | 9/2 | | 12 | Transepithelial | 12 | + | + |
| Soeters et al. [38] | P |
—/31 | 12–17 | | | | Standard | 12 | + | + |
| Kodavoor et al. [43] | R | 24/35 | 9–16 | | | | Standard | 12 | + | + |
| Viswanathan et al. [45] | P | 18/25 | 8–17 | 13/5 | I–III | | Standard | 6–48 | + | + |
| Sabti et al. [46] | C | 1/2 | 4 | 1/0 | | 3 | Standard | 36 | + | + |
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F-up: follow-up, CXL: cross-linking, P: prospective, R: retrospective, C: case report, (+): favorable outcome, and (−): unfavorable outcome.
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