BioMed Research International / 2015 / Article / Tab 4 / Research Article
Disparities in Prevalence of Smoking and Smoking Cessation during Pregnancy: A Population-Based Study Table 4 Prevalence of smoking cessation during pregnancy by family income, level of education, skin color, and age. Rio Grande, RS, Brazil, 2007–2013 (
= 1,930).
Variable/year of survey 2007 2010 2013 % change value for trend in the study period% % % 2007–2013 Overall 709 18.0 626 21.1 595 17.6 −2.2 0.919 Family income quintiles 1 (lowest) 242 14.9 173 11.6 210 12.4 −16.8 0.418 2 139 12.2 166 13.2 135 17.8 +45.9 0.192 3 139 23.7 123 26.8 103 20.4 −13.9 0.604 4 121 21.5 112 28.6 92 15.2 −29.3 0.072 5 (highest) 68 23.5 52 48.1 55 36.4 +54.9 0.020 value for linear trend 0.012 <0.001 0.001 Level of education (years) 0–4 126 8.7 83 14.5 63 9.5 +9.2 0.674 5–8 349 13.7 336 16.7 309 14.2 +3.6 0.830 9–11 215 28.4 181 28.7 197 23.3 −17.9 0.258 12 or more 19 42.1 26 46.1 26 34.6 −17.8 0.573 value for linear trend <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 Self-referred skin color White 412 17.7 368 25.8 336 19.3 +9.0 0.015 Mixed 165 18.2 176 14.2 167 16.8 −7.7 0.730 Black 121 19.0 82 14.6 91 13.2 −30.5 0.242 value for heterogeneity 0.948 0.002 0.369 Maternal age (years) 13–19 142 23.2 103 20.4 82 20.7 −10.8 0.622 20–24 220 18.6 185 22.2 173 16.8 −9.7 0.702 25–29 157 15.9 172 18.0 153 16.3 +2.5 0.919 30 or more 190 15.3 166 23.5 187 18.2 +18.9 0.464 value for linear trend 0.056 0.747 0.795
Linearity deviation ( value for heterogeneity).