Catalysis of Rice Straw Hydrolysis by the Combination of Immobilized Cellulase from Aspergillus niger on β-Cyclodextrin-Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles and Ionic Liquid

Figure 5

Magnetization curves and coercivity measurements at 300 K of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles at different stages of synthesis and modification up to the immobilization of cellulase: curve (a) represents β-CD-modified Fe₃O₄; curve (b) represents APTES-modified particles; curve (c) represents glutaraldehyde-conjugated particles; curve (d) represents cellulase-bound particles.