Lumbar Endoscopic Microdiscectomy: Where Are We Now? An Updated Literature Review Focused on Clinical Outcome, Complications, and Rate of Recurrence

<div>(a-b) Sagittal and axial T2-weighted MRI images of an L4-L5 right disc bulging causing foraminal stenosis. Approach is performed through an entry point located ~7 cm from the midline. (c-d) Intraoperative fluoroscopy and lateral and anteroposterior (AP) projections showing the position of the instrumentation. (e) Fragment of the disc removed from the endoscopic cannula.</div>

BioMed Research International

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Figure 1

Figure 1: Lumbar Endoscopic Microdiscectomy: Where Are We Now? An Updated Literature Review Focused on Clinical Outcome, Complications, and Rate of Recurrence 

Figure 1 | Lumbar Endoscopic Microdiscectomy: Where Are We Now? An Updated Literature Review Focused on Clinical Outcome, Complications, and Rate of Recurrence 