Improvement of BMI after Lifestyle Intervention Is Associated with Normalisation of Elevated ELF Score and Liver Stiffness in Obese Children

Table 1

Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of the study population.

	(%)/median (range)
Obese study population
Gender
Boys	17 (44%)
Girls	22 (56%)
Age (years)	12.3 (7.6–17.4)
Characteristics of obesity
BMI (kg/m^2)	28.48 (20.9–42.7)
BMI percentile	99.1 (90.7–99.9)
BMI-SDS	2.36 (1.33–3.58)
WHtR	0.61 (0.51–0.74)
WC > 90th centile	39 (100%)
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	80 (25–317)
Above ULN	9 (23.07%)
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	177 (108–289)
Above ULN	5 (12.82%)
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	110 (44–225)
Above ULN	16 (41%)
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	84 (69–107)
Above ULN	0 (0%)
HOMA index ( = 37)	3.2 (1.1–7.4)
>1	37 (100%)
>3	22 (59%)

BMI: body mass index; SDS: standard deviation score; WHtR: waist-to-height ratio; WC: waist circumference; ULN: upper limit of normal; HOMA: homeostasis model assessment; n.r.: not recorded.
Upper limits of normal: triglycerides 120 mg/dL, cholesterin 250 mg/dL, fasting glucose 120 mg/dL, HOMA index <1, and LDL cholesterol 116 mg/dL.