Research Article
The Effect of Various Types of Motorcycle Helmets on Cervical Spine Injury in Head Injury Patients: A Multicenter Study in Taiwan
Table 1
Univariate comparison between case and control groups in helmet use, helmet types, and other covariates (
= 5225).
| Variables | No CSI | CSI | value | = 5052 | = 173 | | % | | % |
| Male | 3115 | 61.8 | 122 | 70.5 | .021 | Age | | | | | | 17–24 | 1602 | 31.7 | 48 | 27.7 | .232 | 25–44 | 1657 | 32.8 | 61 | 35.3 | | 45–64 | 1245 | 24.6 | 38 | 22.0 | | ≧65 | 548 | 10.9 | 26 | 15.0 | | Helmet use1 | 4644 | 91.9 | 132 | 76.3 | <.001 | Helmet types2 | | | | | | No | 408 | 8.1 | 41 | 23.7 | <.001 | Full coverage | 1259 | 24.9 | 28 | 16.2 | | Partial coverage | 3385 | 67.0 | 104 | 60.1 | | Driver | 4644 | 94.4 | 157 | 96.3 | .282 | Ambulance delivery | 3920 | 81.9 | 148 | 91.4 | .002 | Transferred from another hospital | 931 | 19.0 | 35 | 20.6 | .603 | Hospitalization due to HI in the past 5 years | 108 | 2.4 | 3 | 1.8 | 1.000 | Glasgow Coma Scale | | | | | | 13–15 | 3991 | 79.5 | 123 | 73.2 | .130 | 9–12 | 504 | 10.1 | 21 | 12.5 | | ≦8 | 523 | 10.4 | 24 | 14.3 | | HI-induced neurological impairment | 386 | 7.8 | 27 | 15.9 | <.001 | Thoracic spine injury | 50 | 1.0 | 10 | 5.8 | <.001 | Lumbar spine injury | 21 | 0.4 | 5 | 2.9 | <.001 | Skull fracture | 655 | 13.1 | 26 | 15.0 | .456 | Facial fracture | 1048 | 20.7 | 21 | 12.1 | .006 | Chest injury | 398 | 7.9 | 24 | 13.9 | .004 | Abdominal injury | 120 | 2.4 | 6 | 3.5 | .312 |
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Only for Model 1.
2Only for Model 2. CSI: cervical spine injury; HI: head injury.
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