Impact of Depression, Fatigue, and Global Measure of Cortical Volume on Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis
Table 1
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the MS patients.
Females
Males
All
Patients
39 (65%)
21 (35%)
60 (100%)
Age (years)
38.6 ± 10.8
40.8 ± 10.3
39.3 ± 10.6
Education (years)
14.2 ± 3.8
12.9 ± 3.8
13.8 ± 3.8
Disease duration (years)
6.4 ± 5.3
6.1 ± 5.2
6.3 ± 5.2
EDSS (test scores)
2.2 ± 1.3
2.6 ± 1.6
2.4 ± 1.4
FSS (test scores)
19.5 ± 15.9
20.52 ± 15.2
19.9 ± 15.5
MR parameters
Normalized brain volume (mm3)
1493.9 ± 43.3
1484.8 ± 55.7
1490.7 ± 50.1
Normalized cortical volume (mm3)
540.9 ± 31.2
538.4 ± 32.9
540.0 ± 31.5
MS subtype
Relapsing remitting
35 (89.7%)
17 (81.0%)
52 (86.7%)
Progressive form
4 (10.3%)
4 (19.0%)
8 (13.3%)
Therapy
None
15 (38.5%)
12 (57.1%)
27 (45.0%)
Interferon
17 (43.6%)
5 (23.8%)
22 (36.6%)
Glatiramer acetate
2 (5.1%)
1 (4.8%)
3 (5.0%)
Natalizumab
4 (10.3%)
2 (9.5%)
6 (10.0%)
Fingolimod
1 (2.5%)
—
1 (1.7%)
SNRI (sertraline)
—
1 (4.8%)
1 (1.7%)
Depression
Minimal
24 (61.5%)
14 (66.7%)
38 (63.3%)
Mild
10 (25.6%)
4 (19.0%)
14 (23.3%)
Moderate
4 (10.3%)
3 (12.3%)
7 (11.7%)
Severe
1 (2.6%)
—
1 (1.7%)
Mean ± standard deviation was used to describe continuous variables; proportions (numbers and percentages) were used to describe categorical variables. EDSS, Expanded Disability Severity Scale; FSS, Fatigue Severity Scale; MR, magnetic resonance; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.
