Interleukin-1 β Modulates Melatonin Secretion in Ovine Pineal Gland: Ex Vivo Study

Figure 5

The effects of norepinephrine (NE, 10 μM), interleukin-1β (IL-1β, 75 pg/mL), and mixture of NE with interleukin- (IL-) 1β on IL-1β (a) and its type 1 receptor (IL-1R) (b) relative gene expression (mean ± SEM) in the pineal gland explants collected from saline- and lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated ewes. Different lowercase letters indicate significant () differences within the saline-treated group; different capital letters indicate differences within the LPS-treated group; asterisk designates a significant () difference between the saline- and LPS-treated groups; control: no NE/IL-1β treatment.

(a)

(b)