Evaluation of Toxic, Cytotoxic, Mutagenic, and Antimutagenic Activities of Natural and Technical Cashew Nut Shell Liquids Using the Allium cepa and Artemia salina Bioassays

Figure 7

The photomicrographic profile of A. cepa root meristems in which pre-, co-, and posttreatment with iCNSL and tCNSL provided protection against the damage caused by exposure to copper sulphate (at a concentration of 1.2 μg/mL). (a) A cell in anaphase with a chromosome bridge and a chromosome fragment, (b) a cell in anaphase with a chromosome bridge, (c) a cell in anaphase with a chromosome bridge and a vagrant chromosome, (d) and (e) cells in anaphase with laggard chromosomes, (f) a cell in anaphase with laggard chromosomes and chromosome fragments, (g) cells in anaphase with laggard and vagrant chromosomes, and (h) and (i) cells in telophase with chromosome fragments.

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