Genetic and Cultural Reconstruction of the Migration of an Ancient Lineage

Figure 2

TMRCA branch-point histogram. Each bar represents a 600-year interval. For each community, pairwise TMRCA computations were performed between each R1a1 Y-HG individual and a reference modal STR profile of 3 LPK individuals of Vangor 8 (see Section 2). TMRCAs are plotted as a percentage of each population. Inset at top right shows values (chi-square) for histogram differences between GSB and communities located near the Bolan and Khyber Passes. GSB = Goud Saraswat Brahmins; KHT = Khatri; ZAB = Zabulistan; PST = Pashtun; GDH = Gandhara; BCT = Bactria; GLF = Persian Gulf Countries; SCT = South, East, and Central Peninsular India; PSB = Punjabi Saraswat Brahmins; TJK = Tajiks; asterisks indicate that the comparison was made with a 17-STR profile (see Supplementary Files S3–S7).