Genetic and Cultural Reconstruction of the Migration of an Ancient Lineage

Figure 3

Genetic footprint of haplotypes. Coincident presence of SNPs above an arbitrary threshold of 2% (“fellow traveller”) was calculated from published genetic data [17–25]. See Section 2 for details. Major trade and migration routes deduced from archeological data are shown (dotted lines and arrows) as well as known archeological sites of the Kura-Araxes civilization (small circles) [26, 27]. Ovals indicate the areas adjacent to two major mountain passes used for genetic ingress into the subcontinent (Bolan: thick oval; Khyber: thin oval). K = Khatri; S = Saraswat Brahmin; G = GSB. Pool A (P15, M357, M410, and M479); Pool A′ (Pool A alleles minus either P15 or M479); Pool B (M242, M269, M410, and M479); Pool C (M17, M69, and M479); data from Supplementary File S11.