Activation of Sonic Hedgehog Leads to Survival Enhancement of Astrocytes via the GRP78-Dependent Pathway in Mice Infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis

Figure 4

Induction of Shh release and apoptosis in activated astrocytes by culturing with Angiostrongylus cantonensis soluble antigens. Astrocytes were treated with the 500 μg antigens for 0.5–8 h. Western blotting showed significant increases in the expressions of (a) GFAP, (b) Bax, and (c) Shh in astrocytes after 1 h. (d) The elevation of Shh concentration in the culture medium was confirmed by ELISA (, , and ).

(a)  

(b)

(c)

(d)