A High-Performance Multiplex Immunoassay for Serodiagnosis of Flavivirus-Associated Neurological Diseases in Horses

Table 5

Comparison of Se and Sp for flavivirus MIA, ELISA, and VNT on horse field sera.

Virus identified	MIA/ELISA	MIA/VNT		Number of field sera tested
	Positive for WNV.sE/ELISA positive	Positive for WNV.sE/VNT positive	MIA identification/; VNT identification
WNV	Se = 99.0%; (100/101); Sp = 98.1%; (102/104)^(1)	Se = 100.0%; (99/99)	Se = 100.0%; (96/96)	207 sera from Pakistan (68) + Madagascar (35) +; France (104)
JEV	Se = 100.0%; (88/88)^(2); Sp = 100.0%; (11/11)	Se = 93.8%; (90/96); Sp = 80.0%; (4/5)^(3)	Se = 90.1%; (82/91)^(4)	101 sera from Japan
	Positive for WNV.sE/ELISA positive	Positive for TBEV.EDIII/VNT positive	MIA identification/; VNT identification
TBEV	Se = 100.0%; (59/59)^(5); Sp = 100.0%; (12/12)	Se = 98.4%; (61/62); Sp = 100.0%; (12/12)	Se = 96.8%; (60/62)^(6); Sp = 100.0%; (12/12)	74 sera from Austria

Same thresholds as in Table 3.
Positive for TBEV when the TBEV.EDIII MFI > 61.
⁽¹⁾Two samples from the Camargue, France, were found positive by MIA but negative by ELISA.
⁽²⁾Two samples found doubtful by ELISA and positive by MIA were not taken into account for Se calculation (ELISA/MIA).
⁽³⁾One sample was found doubtful by ELISA, slightly positive by MIA with the WNV.sE bead, and negative by MNT.
⁽⁴⁾Three samples were identified as positive for WNV by MIA. One was also positive for WN by MNT while the other two were positive for an undetermined flavivirus.
⁽⁵⁾Three samples found doubtful by ELISA and positive () or negative () by MIA were not taken into account for Se calculation (ELISA/MIA).
⁽⁶⁾One undetermined sample by MIA due to TBEV.EDIII and WNV.EDIII reacting beads.