Mechanisms Linking Red Blood Cell Disorders and Cardiovascular Diseases

Table 3

Anemia and stroke.

Number of patients	Findings	Reference
480	Elevated red cell distribution width is associated with stroke occurrence and strongly predicts both cardiovascular and all-cause deaths in persons with known stroke	Ani and Ovbiagele, 2009 [58]
16	Bleeding and subsequent anemia may precipitate atherothrombotic cerebral infarction	Kim and Kang, 2000 [75]
774	A higher mortality rate was found in stroke patients with anemia and the stroke risk factors of being older than 70 years and having chronic renal failure were more prevalent	Huang et al., 2009 [76]
484	Anemia independently predicted mortality at 6 months and 1 year after the initial episode of intracerebral hemorrhage	Zeng et al., 2014 [77]
3,481	High hematocrit may represent in women an independent predictor of mortality after ischemic stroke	Sacco et al., 2007 [80]
5,185	Risk of stroke was proportional to the blood hemoglobin concentration	Kannel et al., 1972 [81]
6	A hypercirculatory state in patients with sickle cell disease, accompanied by anemia and abnormal red cells, may make patients particularly prone to ischemic infarction	Herold et al., 1986 [82]
1,012	An association exists between hematocrit level at the time of ischemic stroke and discharge outcome	Diamond et al., 2003 [83]