|
| Technique | References | | Outcome | Adverse events |
|
| Immunologic therapy |
| Cytoimplant | Chang et al. 2000 [5] | 8 | 2 partial response
1 minor response
3 stable disease
2 progressive disease | None |
| Immature DCs | Irisawa et al. 2007 [7] | 7 | 3 mixed response*
1 stable disease
3 progressive disease | None |
| Gemcitabine and DCs | Hirooka et al. 2009 [8] | 5 | 1 partial response
2 stable disease
2 progressive disease | Leukopenia ()
Anemia ()
Nausea and constipation () |
|
| Biologic therapy |
| Oncolytic virus (ONYX-015) | Hecht et al. 2003 [10] | 21 | 2 partial response
8 stable disease
12 progressive disease | Sepsis ()
Duodenal perforation from EUS-FNI ()
Leukopenia ()
Anemia () |
| TNFerade (EUS , percutaneous ) | Hecht et al. 2012 [12] | 50 | 1 complete response
3 partial response
4 minor response
12 stable disease
19 progressive disease | GI bleeding (), DVT (), PE (), abdominal pain (), pancreatitis (), cholangitis ()
biliary obstruction (), coagulopathy (), nausea/vomiting (), hypotension (), intestinal ischemia (), cardiopulmonary events (), electrolyte abnormalities (), death unrelated to treatment () |
|
| Physiochemical therapy |
| EUS-guided interstitial brachytherapy | Sun et al. 2006 [17] | 15 | 4 partial response
3 minor response
5 stable disease
3 progressive disease | Leukopenia (), anemia (), thrombocytopenia (), abnormal liver tests (), nausea/vomiting (), fever (), infection (), constipation (), diarrhea () |
| Jin et al. 2008 [18] | 22 | 3 partial response
10 stable disease
9 disease progression | Seed translocated to liver 24 h after procedure (), fevers (), amylase elevation () |
|
