A Computer Simulation Study of Anatomy Induced Drift of Spiral Waves in the Human Atrium

Figure 2

3D human atrium anatomical model and idealised geometries. In all geometries, the atrial wall is shown as translucent gray while the endocardial structures and their idealizations are shown as solid (yellow online). (a) 3D human atrial geometry showing uniform atrial tissue and anatomically variable tissue consisting of the conduction pathways, including CT and PMs. (b) The idealised geometries with wedge (variable wall thickness), ridge (constant thickness atrial wall with a ridge on it), a flat atrial wall with a curved PM bridge (PM1), a hemispherical atrial wall with a shorter pectinate muscle bridge (PM2), and a hemispherical atrial wall with a shorter PM bridge as well as a PM ridge that goes along the atrial wall between the junctions (PM3).

(a) 3D human atrium

(b) Idealised geometries