Use of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound to Study Relationship between Serum Uric Acid and Renal Microvascular Perfusion in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Table 4

Ultrasound parameters in groups with different urinary uric acid excretion levels.

Parameters	Normal control (NC)	Diabetic kidney damage (DKD)
		Normal UUA	Low UUA
Number	26	25	39
IMAX (%)
RT (s)
TTP (s)
mTT (s)
AUC
AUC1	1795 (1439–2257)^*	1175 (972.1–1416	1352 (1062–1653
AUC2

Values are represented as mean ± standard error for normal distributed data; otherwise, as median (25%–75% interquartile). UUA, urinary uric acid. UUA <2.4 mmol/24 h is considered as low UUA, and UUA 2.4~5.9 mmol/24 is considered as normal UUA. , compared to DKD patients with normal UUA; , compared to normal control. Ultrasound parameters abbreviations used are as follows: IMAX, maximum intensity; RT, rise time; TTP, time to peak; mTT, mean transit time; AUC, the area under the perfusion curve; AUC1, area under the ascending curve; AUC2, area under the descending curve.