Congenital Corneal Anesthesia and Neurotrophic Keratitis: Diagnosis and Management

Table 1

Aetiopathogenesis of neurotrophic keratitis.

Infections	Herpes simplex; Herpes zoster; Leprosy [16]
Corneal pathologies	Dystrophies; (i) Lattice; (ii) Granular
Iatrogenic injury	Contact lens wear; Surgeries; Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis [17]; Corneal incision [18]; Lamellar and penetrating keratoplasty
Topical medications	Anaesthetics; Timolol; Betaxolol; Trifluridine; Sulfacetamide; Diclofenac sodium [19]
Toxic substances	Chemical burns; Exposure to oleoresin capsicum pepper spray [20]; Exposure to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) [21]
Cranial nerve V palsy	Trigeminal neuralgia surgery; Neoplasm; Aneurysm; Facial trauma [10]; Congenital: (i) Riley-Day syndrome; (ii) Möbius corneal hypoesthesia; (iii) Goldenhar syndrome; (iv) Familial corneal hypesthesia; (v) (Familial trigeminal anesthesia); (vi) Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
Systemic diseases	Diabetes; Vitamin A deficiency; Multiple sclerosis
Miscellaneous	Increasing age; Adie’s syndrome [22]