Utility of Circulating MicroRNAs as Clinical Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Diseases

Table 1

Studies of circulating miRNAs in patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Clinical cohort number	Controls number	Source	Circulating miRNAs detected	Association/correlation	Reference
33 AMI	30	Plasma	1, 133a, 208a, 499↑	miR-208a shows highest sensitivity and specificity comparable with cTnI	[47]
33 STEMI	17	Plasma	1, 133a, 133b, 499-5p↑	Time course of upregulated miRNA associated with cTnI	[48]
31 AMI	20	Serum	1↑	Association with CK-MB levels	[50]
93 AMI	66	Plasma	1↑	Association with QRS duration	[51]
9 AMI, 5 UAP	10	Plasma	499↑ in AMI; (within 48 h)	Correlation with CK-MB	[62]
32 AMI, 36 non-AMI	—	Plasma	208b, 133a, 499↑	miR-208b and miR-499 correlation with cTnT	[61]
20 AMI	20	Whole blood	30c, 145↑; 663b, 1291↓	miR-30c and miR-145 correlated with hs-cTnT	[65]
29 ACS, 42 without ACS	—	Serum	1, 133a↑	Correlation with cTnT	[57]
444 ACS	—	Plasma	1, 133a/b, 208b↑	miR-133a and miR-208b associated with risk of death	[66]
397 STEMI, 113 NSTEMI	87	Plasma	208b, 499↑	miR-499 showed diagnostic accuracy comparable with hs-cTnT	[67]
92 AMI, 81 CHF	66	Plasma	1, 21, 133a, 423-5p, 499-5p↑	miR-499 showed diagnostic accuracy comparable with hs-cTnT	[68]
33 acute HF	34	Plasma	499↑	—	[61]
30 HF, 20 dyspnoea	39	Plasma	423-5p↑	miR-423-5p is a predictor of heart failure	[74]
33 CHF	17	Plasma	miR-126↓	miR-126 negatively correlated with age, BNP, and NYHA class	[71]
31 stable CAD	14	Plasma	17, 92a, 126, 145, 155↓	Association with age, gender, and diabetes	[63]
13 UAP with CAD	13	Plasma	106b/25, 17/92a, 21/590-5p, 126, 451↑	Association with disease	[76]

↑: increased concentrations; ↓: decreased concentrations; ACS: acute coronary syndrome; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CAD: coronary artery disease; CHF: congestive heart failure; CK-MB: creatine-kinase myocardial band; cTn: cardiac troponin; HF: heart failure; hs-cTnT: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; NSTEMI: non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; NYHA: New York Heart Association; STEMI: ST elevation myocardial infarction; UAP: unstable angina pectoris.