MicroRNAs: Novel Players in Aortic Aneurysm

Table 1

MicroRNAs involved in vascular remodeling and aortic aneurysm (AA).

miRNA(s)	Cellular origin	Targets	Effects	References
miR-21	VSMC and EC	PTEN, SPRY1, PDCD4, and BCL2	Induces proliferation and; decreases apoptosis of VSMC in AAA	[47, 49]
miR-24	VSMC and macrophage	CHI3L1	Inhibits vascular inflammation	[15]
miR-26a	VSMC	SMAD-1, SMAD-4	Promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation,; apoptosis of VSMC in AAA	[50]
miR-29	Fibroblast	COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1,; FBN1,; ELN	Downregulates ECM in AAA	[56–58, 69]
miR-126	EC	EGFL7	Inhibits vascular inflammation	[16, 18, 19]
miR-143/145	VSMC	Klf4, myocardin, Elk-1, and SRF	Promotes differentiation and represses proliferation of VSMC in AS and TAD	[41, 51, 52, 70]
miR-155	EC, BLC, TLC, macrophage, and DC	MAP3K10; CTLA4, SMAD2	Inhibits vascular inflammation in AS	[22, 23, 63]
miR-181b	EC	IPOA3	Inhibits vascular inflammation in AS	[24–26]
miR-195	VSMC	COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1,; FBN1,; ELN	Regulates MMPs in AAA	[59]
miR-223	Myeloid cell	CXCL2, CCL3, IL-6	Inhibits vascular inflammation in AAA	[21, 27–30]
miR-663	EC, VSMC	JunB, MLC9	Promotes differentiation and inhibits proliferation and migration of VSMC	[53, 71]
miR-712/miR-205	EC	TIMP3, RECK	Induces inflammation in AS and AAA	[31, 32, 72]

VSMC: vascular smooth muscle cell, EC: endothelial cell, BC: B lymphocytes, TC: T lymphocytes, DC: dendritic cells, AAA: abdominal aortic aneurysm, AS: atherosclerosis, TAD: thoracic aortic dissection, and ECM: extracellular matrix.