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Plant and family name | Local name | Habit | Life-span | Plant occurrence status | Part used | Uses and recipes | Dosage and recovery | Place |
Children | Adults |
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Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Malvaceae | Koso beta | S | A | W | Wh. pl | Decoction or powder is used against constipation | 1 tea spoon after meal | 2–4 tea spoons after meal | Lakki Marwat |
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Acacia modesta Wall. Mimosaceae | Phulahi | T | P | W | Ba | Decoction is made by boiling bark in water or powder of bark is made by grinding the bark for treatment of gas trouble and abdominal diseases | 2 spoons after 4 hrs for 1 day | 3-4 spoons after 2 hrs for 2 days or depends on severity | D. I. Khan |
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Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile Mimosaceae | Kikar | T | P | W | Po, Ba | Decoction of the bark is used in diarrhea and pods are grinded to make powder mixed with sugar or honey to treat dysentery | Small amount of powder is given for 1-2 days | 500 mg given twice a day for 3 days | Kohat |
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Achyranthes aspera L. Amaranthaceae | Ghoshkai | H | P | W | Wh. pl | Its decoction is used in stomach disorder. The juice of the plant is used in abdominal pain, dysentery, and in bowel complaints | Depends on disease severity | Depends on disease severity | Bannu |
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Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. Mimosaceae | Sirin | T | P | C | Ba | Bark decoction is used to treat diarrhea | 1-2 spoon 3 times a day | 1-2 spoon after 3 hrs for 1 day | Bannu |
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Allium cepa L. Liliaceae | Piaz | H | A | C | Bu | Equal amounts of extract of onion bulb and mint are mixed and given for cholera | Half tea spoon of this mixture is taken per hour for a period as needed | One tea spoon of this mixture is taken per hour for a period as needed | D. I. Khan |
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Argyrolobium roseum (Cambess.) Jaub. & Spach Nyctaginaceae | Mukhan Butti. | S | B | W | Wh. pl | Diarrhea | | | Bannu |
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Artemisia absinthium L. Asteraceae | Afsanteen | H | B | W | L | Leaves are boiled to expel intestinal worms, indigestion, diarrhea, and vomiting | As needed | As needed | Kohat |
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Asparagus adscendens Roxb. Asparagaceae | Safid muesli | H | A | W | R | Ground root is effective for carminative | As needed | As needed | Karak |
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Azadirachta indica A. Juss Meliaceae | Neem | T | P | C | L | Decoction of leaves is taken for digestive and gastric problems | 2 tea spoons for one day | 2 tea spoons for one day | D. I. Khan, Lakki Marwat |
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Bistorta amplexicaulis (D. Don) Greene Polygonaceae | Masloon, Anjabar | H | P | W | Wh. pl | Constipation | | | Bannu, Kohat |
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Boerhaavia diffusa Brandegee Nyctaginaceae | Punara | H | P | W | R | Gas troubles | | | Karak |
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Camellia sinensis (green tea) L. Kuntze. Theaceae | Sabz pati | H | P | C | L | Leaves are boiled in water mixed some sugar and take orally for indigestion and nausea | 1 or half cup once a day | 1 cup a day | D. I. Khan, Bannu, Lakki Marwat |
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Carissa opaca Stapf. ex Haines Apocynaceae | Granda | S | A | W/C | L, R, F | Dysentery | | | Karak |
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Carum copticum (L.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex C.B. Clarke Umbelliferae | Spaerkae | H | A | C | S | Used in sore throat, diarrhea, dysentery, and vomiting | | | Kohat |
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Cassia fistula L. Caesalpiniaceae | Amaltas | T | P | C | F | A piece of the fruit containing 10–12 seeds are slightly ground and boiled in 1/2 liter of water and strained for dysentery | 1-2 tea spoons 3 times daily for 1-2 days | 3-4 tea spoons 3-4 times daily | D. I. Khan, Bannu |
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Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ex D. Don) G. Don Pinaceae | Diar | T | A | C | Wh. pl | Gas troubles | | | Karak |
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Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume Lauraceae | Dalchini | T | P | C | Ba | Bark powder and decoction is used in gastrointestinal disorder, vomiting, dysentery, and diarrhea | As needed | As needed | Kohat |
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Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. Cucurbitaceae | Kartumma | H | A | W | F | Fruit is cut, boiled in water and sugar added to make murabba used for constipation and abdominal diseases | As needed | As needed | D. I. Khan. Bannu, Kohat, Lakki Marwat |
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Coriandrum sativum L. Apiaceae | Dhania | H | A | C | F | Fruit is crushed and mixed with salt as carminative, indigestion | Small amount of safoof 2 times a day | Small amount of safoof 2 times a day | D. I. Khan |
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Crotalaria burhia Benth. Papilionaceae | Sassai | S | P | W | Wh. pl | Dried plant is ground, mixed with water, and strained and is given locally for diarrhea and other abdominal troubles | | | D. I. Khan |
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Curcuma longa L. Zingiberaceae | Haldi | H | A | C | Rh | Rhizome powder is effective in stomach cancer, stomach bleeding | Not used still | As needed | Kohat |
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Cyperus rotundus L. Cyperaceae | Delloca | H | P | W | Rh | Rhizome is effective in treatment of dyspepsia, diarrhea and vomiting | As needed | As needed | Bannu |
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Datura stramonium L. Solanaceae | Datura | H | A | W | Wh. pl | Seeds are used for intestinal worms | As needed | As needed | Karak |
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Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Cactaceae | Sersang | T | P | W | R, S, F | Constipation | | | Lakki Marwat |
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Ephedra gerardiana Wall ex Stapf. Ephedraceae | Somane | T | A | C/W | Sh, F, L | Dyspepsia | | | Lakki Marwat |
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Equisetum arvense L. Equisetaceae | Horstail, Chihly | H | P | W | Wh. pl | Diarrhea | | | Lakki Marwat |
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Eugenia jambolana Lam. Myrtaceae | Jaman | T | P | C | S | For stomach problems, grind the seeds and make powder | As needed | 1-2 spoons daily for 3 days | Bannu |
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Euphorbia hirta L. Euphorbiaceae | Titra | H | P | W | Wh. pl | Stomach pain | | | Lakki Marwat |
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Ficus religiosa L. Moraceae | Peepal | T | P | W/C | Ba | Burn the bark and make powder from it. Take 5 grams of it orally with water for diarrhea | As needed | As needed | Bannu |
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Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Apiaceae | Saunf | H | A | C | F | Equal quantity of fennel fruit, coriander fruit, Anethum sowa and sugar are mixed and ground together to make powder for dyspepsia and abdominal pain | As required | Twice a day after meal | D. I. Khan |
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Fumaria indica (Hausskn.) Pugsley Fumariaceae | Shahtera | H | P | W | Wh. pl | It is used in aches and pains, diarrhea, vomiting | As needed | As needed | Kohat |
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Lycium barbarum L. Solanaceae | | S | P | W | L | Extract from leaves is effective in curing bloody diarrhea and vomiting | As needed | As needed | Bannu |
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Malva neglecta Wallr. Malvaceae | Panerak | H | P | W | Sh | Stomach pain | | | Lakki Marwat |
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Malva parviflora L. Malvaceae | Puskay | H | P | W | L | Decoction of leaves is used for stomach problem. It is also used as laxative | Not used | As needed | Karak |
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Melia azadirachtaL. Meliaceae | Dharek/Bakain | T | P | C/W | L, F | Leaves and fruit decoction is used to remove intestinal worms | Little amount is given, more dosage cause vomiting | As needed, more dosage cause vomiting | Lakki Marwat |
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Mentha longifolia (L.) L. Lamiaceae | Villanay, podina | H | A | C | Wh. pl | Fresh leaves are boiled in water with green tea mixed some sugar to cure diarrhea | 2 tea spoons after 3 hours for 1 day | 4 tea spoons after 3 hours for 1 day | Kohat, Lakki Marwat, Karak D. I. Khan |
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Nasturtium officinale R. Br. Brassicaceae | Termera | H | P | W | Wh. pl | Leaves are taken orally for constipation | As needed | As needed | D. I. Khan |
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Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw. Cactaceae | Kunda thur | S | P | W | L, F | Ripened fruit is boiled in water add some sugar and take orally for constipation | As needed | As needed | D. I. Khan |
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Opuntia monacantha (Willd.) Haw. Cactaceae | Chnutarthar | S | P | W | Wh. pl | Digestion help | | | D. I. Khan |
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Oxalis corniculata L. Oxalidaceae | Tarookay | H | P | W | L | Extract juice from fresh leaves use orally against stomach troubles | As needed | As needed | Bannu |
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Phyllanthus emblica Phyllanthaceae | Amla | T | P | W | F | Effective in diarrhea dysentery | | | Kohat |
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Punica granatum L. Punicaceae | Anar | T | P | C | F | Outer covering of fruit is dried and crushed and powder is taken with water for diarrhea | One table spoon daily for 2-3 days | One table spoon daily for 2-3 days | D. I. Khan |
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Rosa indica L. Rosaceae | Gulab | S | P | C | Fl | Flower are mixed with sugar put in sun place take orally with water and fennel for vomiting and dyspepsia | 2 g twice a day | 5 g twice a day | D. I. Khan, Bannu, Kohat |
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Saccharum officinarum L. Poaceae | Gana | S | A | C | St. | Stem extract is useful in indigestion | Twice a day | Twice a day | D. I. Khan, Lakki Marwat Bannu |
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Sisymbrium irio Linn. Brassicaceae | Shonopy | H | A | W | L | Leaves are used for stomach problems | As needed | As needed | Karak |
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Solanumsurattense Burm. F Solanaceae | Manraghonay | H | B | W | F | Fruit is dried, crushed and powder is taken for abdomen pain and gas trouble | As needed | As needed | Bannu, Kohat |
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Tordylium nodosum L. Apiaceae | Hoso beta | H | A | W | Wh. pl | Intestinal worms | | | Bannu |
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Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal Solanaceae | Khapyanga, Paneer | H | A | W | F, L | Fruits are crushed, mix with salt and take orally with water for gastric and abdominal pain. Fruits are stained in water and taken. Extract of leaves is used | Twice a day for 2-3 days | Thrice a day for 3-4 days | Karak, Kohat, D. I. Khan, Lakki Marwat, Bannu |
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Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz Lythraceae | Dhawai | S | P | W/C | Fl | It is used in diarrhea, dysentery, ulcers, and UTI | | | Kohat |
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Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Rhamnaceae | Jangli bera | T | P | W/C | F | Roast the fruit and eat for the treatment of stomach problems. Take 5 grams of root powder and 7 pieces of black pepper, grind and mix used to cure diarrhea and abdominal pain | Small amount twice a day | 400 mg thrice a day for 3 days | Bannu, D. I. Khan, Lakki Marwat |
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Ziziphus nummularia (Burm. f.) Wight & Arn. Rhamnaceae | Bair | T | P | C | F | Decoction of leaves and bark is used in dysentery | As needed | Take orally thrice a day for 3-4 days | Bannu, D. I. Khan, Kohat |
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