Elevation of Tim-3 and PD-1 Expression on T Cells Appears Early in HIV Infection, and Differential Tim-3 and PD-1 Expression Patterns Can Be Induced by Common γ-Chain Cytokines

Figure 3

Functional study of Tim-3/PD-1 expression patterns on T cells. (a) PBMCs from HIV-infected patients () were stimulated with TCR (anti-CD3/CD28) for 3 days, and IL-2 and IFN-γ production by T cells were detected. Distributions of Tim-3/PD-1 expression patterns on IFN-γ- and IL-2-producing T cells are indicated. (b) Statistical analysis of the distribution of differential Tim-3/PD-1 expression patterns on the IFN-γ- and IL-2-producing T cells (). (c) PBMCs from HIV-infected patients were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 () antibodies or HIV gag peptides () with or without blocking antibodies (anti-Tim-3 and PD-1). IFN-γ and IL-2 production by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells before and after the anti-Tim-3/PD-1 blockade were compared ().

(a)

(b)

(c)